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LOVE LAB
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hopeth all things,
(PANta elPIzei)
Versions
KJV, ASV, DR, Rhe Wes: "hopeth all things"
Gen: "it hopeth all things"
Mur: "hopeth all"
CPV: "all-hoping"
YLT: "all it hopeth"
Rot: "all things, hopeth"
RSV, NRSV, ESV, NWT, Darby, WEB, NASB, NKJV, HCSB, MKJV, LITV, LONT, UTV, NET: "hopes all things"
ED: "all things hopes"
BBE: "[Love has the power of ...] hoping all things"
ICB, NIV, NCV: "always hopes"
WENT: "and always hoping"
NLT: "is always hopeful"
NJB: "[It is always ready ...] to hope"
Good: "[It will ...] hope for anything"
CEV, MNT: "hopeful"
Wey: "full of hope"
Mes: "Always looks for the best"
GWT: "never stops hoping"
TEV: "hope, [... never fail]"
AMP: "its hopes are fadeless under all circumstances"
ISV: "There is no limit to her hope"
REB: "[there is no limit to ...] its hope"
LB: "[If you love someone, you will ...] always expect the best of him"
CLNT: "is expecting all"
Tyn, Bis: "hopeth all thynges"
Wyc: "it hopith alle thingis"
1st: "it hopith alle thingis"
Vul: "omnia sperat"
RVR, SSE, NBLH: "todo lo espera"
CEI: "tutto spera"
FD: "espère tout"
FLS: "elle espère tout"
BPKS: "svemu se nada"
Luther: "sie hoffet alles"
Elb: "sie hofft alles"

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Into the Original Greek
(All from Zodhiates, Word Study Dictionary of the NT, 1992, unless otherwise noted.)
Root, Definitions, and Cross-References
Word: elPIzo- (1679)

Definitions:

  1. To hope, expect with desire.
  2. To hope for.

References:

  1. 2 Cor. 8:5; Luke 6:34; 23:8; Acts 26:7; Rom. 15:24; 1 Cor. 16:7; Phil. 2:19,23; 1 Tim. 3:14; 2 John 1:12; 3 John 1:14; 2 Cor. 5:11; Luke 24:21; Acts 24:26; 2 Cor. 1:13; 13:6; Phile. 1:22.
  2. Rom. 8:24,5.
Word: elPIS (1680)

Definitions:
Hope, desire of some good with expectation of obtaining it.

  1. Generally.
  2. Spoken especially of those who experience the hope of salvation through Christ, eternal life, and blessedness.
  3. Of a hope in or on someone, i.e., trust, confidence.
Hope is one of the most distinctive marks of the Christian life in opposition to the hopelessness of the Gentile world. The conclusion of Paul's hymn of love in 1 Cor. 13:13 speaks of hope not as something that is future, but as something that is not going to be needed in the future. The word "greatest" refers not to the inherent value of love, but to the continuation of its function in the future. Faith and hope, on the other hand, are aspects of the Christian's experience that are exercised only on this earth and will not be needed in heaven. Heaven will make that which is now unseen in the graces of faith and hope to become sight.

References:

  1. Rom. 8:24; 2 Cor. 10:15; Phil. 1:20; Acts 27:20; Acts 28:20; 2 Cor. 1:7; Rom. 4:18, 8:20; Acts 2:26; 1 Cor. 9:10. LXX: Job 14:7, 17:15; Is. 31:2; Ezek. 37:11.
  2. Rom. 5:2-5, 12:12, 15:4,13; Eph. 1:18; Col. 1:23; 1 Thess. 1:3; Col. 1:5, 1:27.
  3. Acts 24:15; 1 Pet. 1:21; 1 John 3:3.

From Vine's Expository Dictionary: Favorable and confident expectation. It has to do with the unseen and the future. Hope describes the happy anticipation of good, the ground upon which hope is based, and the object upon which the hope is fixed.

Synonyms
(Sharing a Relevant Semantic Affinity)
Word: prosdoKAo- (4328)

Definition:

  1. To expect.
Word: prosMEno- (4357)

Definition:

  1. To abide still, with an element of hope.
Word: apekDEchomai (553)

Definition:

  1. To expect fully.
Word: anaMEno- (362)

Definition:

  1. To wait for.
Word: ekDEchomai (1551)

Definition:

  1. To await, expect, anticipate.
Antonyms
Word: exapoREo- (1820)

Definition:

  1. To be utterly without a way, to despair.
Word: apelPIzo- (560)

Forms and Origin: From aPO (575), from, and elPIzo- (1679), hope.

Definitions:

  1. To despair.
  2. To cease to hope, renounce or give up a thing or a person, to despair.
  3. With the accusative, to give up what one does not expect to keep, to give up in despair.

Discussion: This word occurs only in Luke 6:35 in the phrase me-DEN apelPIzontes, "hoping for nothing again." The phrase indicates that reward should be expected from God only. Christ has already indicated that men are likely to do good to someone who might do good to them in return. Likewise, it is easy to lend to those who will repay and to love those who love us. The height of Christian virtue, however, is to love those that despise us most or those whom we despise most, i.e., our enemy. To be like Him, we must be "kind unto the unthankful and the evil" (v. 35b). Some MSS have me-DEna (masc.) instead of me-DEN so that the phrase must be "not hoping for anyone". Thus the phrase would speak of those from whom we might hope to recompense rather than what might be given for the same.

Some would render the word "to despair." While this is philologically admissible, it does not agree with the context. It requires one to add an unfounded idea of causation to the meaning of the word, as "causing no one to despair".

Word: athyMEo- (120)

Forms and Origin: Contracted athyMO-, future athyME-so-, from Athymos (not found), without heart or spirit, which is from the privative a (1), without, and thyMOS (2372), fierceness, passion.

Definitions:

  1. To be spiritless, dismayed.
  2. To be despondent, disturbed in mind, lose courage.

References:

  1. Col. 3:21; Sept: 2 Sam. 6:8.

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Full Texts of Selected References

Luke 6:35--But love your enemies, do good to them, and lend to them without expecting to get anything back (me-DEN apelPIzontes). Then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High, because he is kind to the ungrateful and the wicked. (NIV)
Alt.:-- ... lend and expect nothing back. (TEV)
Alt.:-- ... lend without expecting repayment. (NAB)
Alt.:-- ... lend without hope of return. (Phillips)
Alt.:-- ... lend you nothing despairing. (Emphatic Diaglott interlinear)
Alt.:-- ... lend, in nothing despairing. (ED margin)
Alt.:-- ... lend, expecting nothing in return. (RSV)

Acts 26:6,7--It is because of my hope (elPIdi) in what God has promised our fathers that I am on trial today. 7 This is the promise our twelve tribes are hoping (elPIzei) to see fulfilled as they earnestly serve God day and night. O king, it is because of this hope (elPIdos) that the Jews are accusing me. (NIV)
Alt.:--And now I stand here to be tried because of the hope I have in the promise that God made to our ancestors--  7  the very thing that the twelve tribes of our people hope to receive, as they worship God day and night. And it is because of this hope, Your Majesty, that I am being accused by the Jews! (TEV)

Rom. 8:24,5--In our moments of impatience let us remember that hope (elPIS) always means waiting for something that we haven't got yet. 25 But if we hope (elPIzomen) for something we cannot see, then we must settle down to wait for it in patience (di' hypomoNE-S apekdeCHOmetha). (Phillips)
Alt.:--Hope is not hope if its object is seen; how is it possible for one to hope for what he sees? 25 And hoping for what we cannot see means awaiting it with patient endurance. (NAB)

Col. 3:21-- Fathers, do not embitter (ereTHIzete) your children, or they will become discouraged (athyMO-sin). (NIV)
Alt.:--Fathers, don't overcorrect your children, or they will grow up feeling inferior and frustrated. (Phillips)
Alt.:--And fathers, do not nag your children lest they lose heart. (NAB)

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Other Ancient Sources

From Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture: Romans

Clement of Alexandria (fl. 190-215)--Endurance is directed toward future hope. Hope is directed toward the reward and restitution of hope. (cf. Rom 5:4)

Origen (c.185-c.254)--The moon and the stars have been compelled against their will to be subject to futility, as a result of causes long past; yet in the hope of a future reward they do not do their own will but the will of the Creator, by whom they have been appointed to these duties. (cf. Rom. 8:20)

Origen--The person who does not look at what can be seen but eagerly waits for what cannot be seen is the one who rejoices in hope. (cf. Rom. 12:12)

Ambrosiaster (fl. c.366-384)--It is clear that since Abraham had no hope of having a son, he believed God and had faith against hope that he would have a son, knowing that with God all things are possible. (cf. Rom. 4:18)

Ambrosiaster--For to despise present sufferings and hindrances and, for the hope of the future, not to give in to pressure has great merit with God. (cf. Rom. 5:3)

Ambrosiaster--That there should be hope in someone who has been tried and tested is perfectly reasonable. (cf. Rom. 5:4)

Ambrosiaster--Hope does not let us down, even though we are considered by evil people to be stupid and naive, because we believe in things which are impossible in this world. For we have in us the pledge of God's love through the Holy Spirit. (cf. Rom. 5:5)

Chrysostom (c.344/354-407)--Nothing encourages a man to hope for blessing more than the strength of a good character. No one who has led a good life worries about the future. (cf. Rom 5:4)

Chrysostom--For the only thing we brought to God was our faith in the promises of what was to come, and it was in this way that we were saved. If we lose this hope, we lose the one thing which we have contributed to our salvation. (cf. Rom. 8:24)

Chrysostom--There is nothing which makes the soul so courageous and venturesome for anything as a good hope. (cf. Rom. 12:12)

Chrysostom--May you get rid of your heartlessness toward one another and not be cast down by temptations. You will achieve this by abounding in hope. (cf. Rom. 15:13)

Pelagius (c.354-420)--We rejoice in the hope that we shall possess the glory of God's children. What we hope for is so great that no one would try it on his own, in case it should be regarded as blasphemy, not as hope, and as something which many people think is unbelievable because of its greatness. (cf. Rom. 5:2)

Pelagius--The hope of things to come casts out all confusion. (cf. Rom. 5:5)

Pelagius--Through the encouragement of the Scriptures we await with great patience the hope which is to come. (cf. Rom. 15:4)

Augustine (354-430)--We rejoice in hope in order to look forward to the rest to come and so conduct ourselves cheerfully in the midst of toils. (cf. Rom. 12:12)

Cyril of Alexandria (d.444)--We believe that our bodies also will overcome corruption and death. For the time being this is a hope, because it is not yet present, but it is a future certainty. (cf. Rom. 8:24)

Theodoret of Cyr (393-466)--Abraham believed against the hope of nature but in the hope of the promise of God. (cf. Rom. 4:18)

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Comments
William Barclay:  Love never ceases to hope. It was the belief of Jesus that no man is hopeless.

Adam Clark was one of the great theologians. At school he was very slow to learn. One day a distinguished visitor paid a visit to the school, and the teacher singled out Adam Clark and said, "That is the stupidest boy in the school."

Before he left the school, the visitor came to Adam Clark and said kindly, "Never mind, my boy, you may be a great scholar some day. Don't be discouraged but try hard, and keep on trying."

The teacher was hopeless, the visitor was hopeful, and--who knows?--it may well have been that word of hope which made Adam Clark what he someday became.

BT Internet:  ejlpizw, hope, hope for, hope in, expect.

St. John Chrysostom, Homily 33:  What is, "hopeth all things?" It doth not despair," saith he, "of the beloved, but even though he be worthless, it continues to correct, to provide, to care for him."

Adam Clarke:  Hopeth all things.] panta elpizei? When there is no place left for believing good of a person, then love comes in with its hope, where it could not work by its faith; and begins immediately to make allowances and excuses, as far as a good conscience can permit; and farther, anticipates the repentance of the transgressor, and his restoration to the good opinion of society and his place in the Church of God, from which he had fallen.

John Gill's Exposition of the Bible:  hopes all things; that are to be hoped for; hopes for the accomplishment of all the promises of God; hopes for the enjoyment of him in his house and ordinances; hopes for things that are not seen, that are future, difficult, though possible to be enjoyed: hopes for heaven and eternal happiness, for more grace here and glory hereafter; hopes the best of all men, of all professors of religion, even of wicked men, that they may be better and brought to repentance, and of fallen professors, who declare their repentance, and make their acknowledgments; he hopes well of them, that they are sincere, and all is right and will appear so.

John W. Gregson:  It expects nothing but good things. Love is always optimistic.

Matthew Henry:  Charity hopes well of others: hopeth all things. When, in spite of inclination, it cannot believe well of others, it will yet hope well, and continue to hope as long as there is any ground for it. It will not presently conclude a case desperate, but wishes the amendment of the worst of men, and is very apt to hope for what it wishes.

Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown:  hopeth -- what is good of another, even when others have ceased to hope.

BW Johnson:  Hopeth all things. Is hopeful instead of despondent, and hopes for the best. How hard for the loving mother to give up hope for her recreant son!

Mark Heber Miller:  (Love) hopes all things.

This phrase is variously rendered: MOF: always hopeful; BER: hopes under all circumstances; WMS: it keeps up hope in everything. In at least one translation the word "hope" occurs about 150 times. The Bible is a book of Hope. The first use of the word "hope" is by the woman Ruth. (Ruth 1:12) We are not surprised that "hope" occurs most often in the Book of Job (12x) in the Hebrew Bible and in the Letter to the Romans (20x) in the Christian Bible.

Since the context is love’s characteristics and qualities, this "hope" must be in others. A positive outlook regarding our fellows, particularly those who love us less than others. We continue to hope all will come to maturity in Christ. Those who have stumbled so as to fall -- we continue to hope they will recover if love be applied and prayer continue to be earnest.

This "hope" may manifest itself in those parents who long for their children to survive life’s blows and that evil enemy, Satan. When Christian children become prodigal and wander from the Nazarene path, mother and father continue to hope all will turn out well in the end. And so, the Proverb, "Chastise your son while there exists hope." (Proverbs 19:18)

When this kind of "hope" is missing it becomes very negative. If we do not hope the best for our fellows, then we secretly wish them evil or harm. We want them to fail or stumble. This is Satanic thinking. On the other hand the phrase "love hopes always" is a very positive outlook and lacks that anxiety which is corrosive to mind and body.

Robertson's Word Studies:  {Hopeth all things} (panta elpizei). Sees the bright side of things. Does not despair.

Bill Turner:  Love hopes all things, it is full of hope in all circumstances, "Panta elpizei."

Hope looks at the character of God as the grounds of its expectation. The victory of hope can be as great as the victory of faith, as can be seen in the case of Abraham, "Who against hope believed in hope." Abraham was strengthened by Divine grace, and a spirit of praise and worship. Gen.18v1-15. Rom.4v17-23. No opposition, temptation, or distress can destroy the hope that is ours in Christ Jesus. There is a dead hope as there is a dead faith, and there is a living hope as well as a living faith. James.2v14-26. with 1Pet.1v3. Prov.10v28. 11v7,23. Rom.5v4,25. 15v4,13. Phil.1v19,20. Col.1v5,23,27. Titus.1v2. 2v13. Heb.3v6. 6v11,18,19. 1Pet.1v21. 3v15,16. 1Jn.3v2,3. 1Thes.5v8. When love has very little grounds for faith in a person, because of real dark appearances of sin in their life, love never ceases to hope that the person will get back on the right way, and that truth and goodness will triumph. Christian hope springs out of faith in the character, love and truth of God, and is a present tense reality.

Wesley's Explanatory Notes:  When it can no longer believe well, it hopes whatever may excuse or extenuate the fault which cannot be denied. Where it cannot even excuse, it hopes God will at length give repentance unto life.

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